初中英语句子成分
句子成分概念：组成句子的各个部分，即主语、谓语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语，主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。
主语：表示句子所说的是什么人或神秘物，一般由名词、代词或不定式，Ving和从句充当。谓语：说明主语是什么，做什么或怎么样。
由动词充当，主语和谓语在人称和数上必须保持一致。谓语动词存在多种时态，它是句子的核心。
表语：说明主语是说明或怎么样，由名词、形容词、数词、副词、不定式、介词短语、句子等充当。宾语：表示动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式、Ving、从句充当，和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
定语：用来修饰名词或代词。由形容词、代词、数词、介词短语、不定式、从句充当。
单词作定语一般放在被修饰词之前，短语或句子作定语放在被修饰才之后。状语：用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。
一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、条件、目的、方式、程度等等。通常由副词、介词短语、不定式或句子充当。
（若在同一句子中出现多个不同状语，常见的4个的顺序为：方式状语、目的状语、地点状语、时间状语。）※副词作状语的位置：①放在句中修饰动词，通常是be动词之后，实义动词之前，助动词和实义动词之间，如usually,often,sometime,seldom,never,also,only,ever,still……②放在句末修饰动词，如very much,a lot,quickly,fast,high,slowly……③修饰形容词或副词时反复在它们前面，如very good,so early……④有的副词在句子中位置灵活，如already,only,sometime……这些应该都是要掌握的，是我们学校的英语老师总结的，在英语复习书上作为语法精讲，我把一些例子删去了，希望能够帮到你。
初中英语句子成分
句子成分
概念：组成句子的各个部分，即主语、谓语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语，主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。
主语：表示句子所说的是什么人或神秘物，一般由名词、代词或不定式，Ving和从句充当。
谓语：说明主语是什么，做什么或怎么样。由动词充当，主语和谓语在人称和数上必须保持一致。谓语动词存在多种时态，它是句子的核心。
表语：说明主语是说明或怎么样，由名词、形容词、数词、副词、不定式、介词短语、句子等充当。
宾语：表示动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式、Ving、从句充当，和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
定语：用来修饰名词或代词。由形容词、代词、数词、介词短语、不定式、从句充当。单词作定语一般放在被修饰词之前，短语或句子作定语放在被修饰才之后。
状语：用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、条件、目的、方式、程度等等。通常由副词、介词短语、不定式或句子充当。（若在同一句子中出现多个不同状语，常见的4个的顺序为：方式状语、目的状语、地点状语、时间状语。）
※副词作状语的位置：
①放在句中修饰动词，通常是be动词之后，实义动词之前，助动词和实义动词之间，如usually,often,sometime,seldom,never,also,only,ever,still……
②放在句末修饰动词，如very much,a lot,quickly,fast,high,slowly……
③修饰形容词或副词时反复在它们前面，如very good,so early……
④有的副词在句子中位置灵活，如already,only,sometime……
这些应该都是要掌握的，是我们学校的英语老师总结的，在英语复习书上作为语法精讲，我把一些例子删去了，希望能够帮到你。
初中英语句子成分例句及详解
1. 主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east （名词） He likes dancing. （代词）Twenty years is a short time in history. （数词） Seeing is believing. （动名词）To see is to believe.（不定式） What he needs is a book.（主语从句）It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.(It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语)（一）指出下列句中主语的中心词① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.② There is an old man coming here.③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④ To do today’s homework without the teacher’s help is very difficult.2. 谓语（predicate）：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。We study English. He is asleep.（二）. 选出句中谓语的中心词① I don’t like the picture on the wall. A. don’t B. like C. picture D. wall② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast? A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast3. 表语（predicative）：系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
He is a teacher. （名词） Seventyfour! You don’t look it. （代词）Five and five is ten. （数词） He is asleep. （形容词）His father is in.（副词） The picture is on the wall. （介词短语）My watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词化的分词）The question is whether they will come. （表语从句）（常见的系动词有： be, sound（听起来）， look（看起来）， feel（摸起来，smell（闻起来）， taste（尝、吃起来）， remain（保持，仍是）， feel（感觉）…… It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds * voice sounds sweet. Tom looks * food smells delicious. The food tastes * door remains open. Now I feel tired. （三） 挑出下列句中的表语① The old man was feeling very tired. ② Why is he worried about Jim？③ The leaves have turned yellow. ④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.⑤ She was the first to learn about it.4. 宾语：1）动宾表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。
如：I like China. （名词） He hates you. （代词）How many do you need? We need two. （数词）I enjoy working with you. （动名词）I hope to see you again. （不定式） Did you write down what he said？ （宾语从句） 2） 介词后的名词、代词和动名词介宾Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks. 3） 双宾语间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money.（四） 挑出下列句中的宾语① My brother hasn’t done his homework.② People all over the world speak English.③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.④ How many new words did you learn last class？⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?5. 宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。We elected him monitor. （名词） We all think it a pity that she didn’t come here. （名词）We will make them happy. （形容词） We found nobody in. （ 副词 ） Please make yourself at home. （介词短语） Don’t let him do that. （省to不定式）His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. （带to不定式）Don’t keep the lights burning. （现在分词） I’ll have my bike repaired. （过去分词）（五） 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the readingroom.② He asked her to take the boy out of school.③ She found it difficult to do the work.④ They call me Lily sometimes.⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?6. 定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。
Ai Yanling is a chemistry teacher.（名词） He is our friend. （代词）We belong to the third world.（数词） He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.（形容词）The man over there is my old friend.（副词）The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. （介词）The boys playing football are in Class 2. （现在分词）The trees planted last year are growing well now. （过去分词）I have an idea to do it well.（不定式） You should do everything that I do. （定语从句）（六） 挑出下列句中的定语① They use Mr., Mrs. with the family name.② What is your given name？③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.7. 状语：用来修饰v., adj., adv., or 句子。表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条。
初中英语：句子成分
根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用， 英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。
其中，主语和谓语是句子的主要成分，一般情况下，一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。1. 主语：表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，置于句首。
如：It’s getting cold. 天冷起来了。Now everything is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。
The teacher is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。2. 谓语：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当，位于主语之后。
如：Mother bought me a VCR. 妈给我买了一台录像机。We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。
3. 表语：表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征，一般由名词、形容词、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当，位于连系动词之后，与连系动词一起构成句子的谓语。如：Be careful！ 小心！He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。
His job is looking after sheep. 他的任务是看羊。4. 宾语：指动作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，位于动词之后。
如：He wrote many plays. 他写了许多剧本。She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。
5. 宾语补足语：用来对宾语进行补充和说明，一般由名词、非谓语动词、形容词等充当。如：He told us to stay. 他叫我们留下。
I’ve never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。I found it difficult to refuse him. 我感到很难拒绝他。
6. 定语：对名词或代词进行修饰、限制或说明，一般由形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、非谓语动词及句子等充当，位置可在所修饰的词之前，也可在所修饰的词之后（详见形容词一章）。如：It’s an interesting story. 那是一个有趣的故事。
Do you have time to help us？ 你有时间帮助我们吗？Who is the woman being operated on？ 正在动手术的女人是谁？7. 状语：用于修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或整个句子等，一般由副词、介词短语、非谓语动词短语或句子充当。如：We like English very much. 我们非常喜欢英语。
Her uncle lives in Canada. 她叔叔住在加拿大。She was lying in bed reading. 她躺在床上看书。
United we stand, divided we fall. 团结则存，分裂则亡。8. 同位语：若两个语法单位指同一个人或事物，并且，句法功能也一样，那么，后一项称为前一项的同位语。
如：This is my friend Harry. 这是我的朋友哈利。We students should study hard. 我们学生应该努力学习。
9. 独立成分：与句子其他成分没有通常的语法关系，如插入语、感叹语、呼语等，一般用逗号将它与句子隔开。如：He’s a nice person, to be sure. 肯定他是一个好人。
Strange to say, he did pass his exam after all. 说也奇怪，考试他竟然通过了。注：后两种初中不要求掌握。
初中英语句子成分例句及详解
1. 主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east （名词） He likes dancing. （代词） Twenty years is a short time in history. （数词） Seeing is believing. （动名词） To see is to believe.（不定式） What he needs is a book.（主语从句） It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.(It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语)（一）指出下列句中主语的中心词 ① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.② There is an old man coming here.③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④ To do today’s homework without the teacher’s help is very difficult.2. 谓语（predicate）：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。We study English. He is asleep.（二）. 选出句中谓语的中心词 ① I don’t like the picture on the wall. A. don’t B. like C. picture D. wall ② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer ③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus ④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon ⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast? A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast3. 表语（predicative）：系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
He is a teacher. （名词） Seventyfour! You don’t look it. （代词） Five and five is ten. （数词） He is asleep. （形容词） His father is in.（副词） The picture is on the wall. （介词短语） My watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词化的分词） The question is whether they will come. （表语从句） （常见的系动词有： be, sound（听起来）， look（看起来）， feel（摸起来，smell（闻起来）， taste（尝、吃起来）， remain（保持，仍是）， feel（感觉）…… It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds * voice sounds sweet. Tom looks * food smells delicious. The food tastes * door remains open. Now I feel tired. （三） 挑出下列句中的表语 ① The old man was feeling very tired. ② Why is he worried about Jim？③ The leaves have turned yellow. ④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.⑤ She was the first to learn about it.4. 宾语：1）动宾表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。
如：I like China. （名词） He hates you. （代词） How many do you need? We need two. （数词）I enjoy working with you. （动名词） I hope to see you again. （不定式） Did you write down what he said？ （宾语从句） 2） 介词后的名词、代词和动名词介宾 Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks. 3） 双宾语间宾（指人）和直宾（指物） He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money.（四） 挑出下列句中的宾语 ① My brother hasn’t done his homework.② People all over the world speak English.③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.④ How many new words did you learn last class？⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?5. 宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。We elected him monitor. （名词） We all think it a pity that she didn’t come here. （名词） We will make them happy. （形容词） We found nobody in. （ 副词 ） Please make yourself at home. （介词短语） Don’t let him do that. （省to不定式） His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. （带to不定式） Don’t keep the lights burning. （现在分词） I’ll have my bike repaired. （过去分词）（五） 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语 ① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the readingroom.② He asked her to take the boy out of school.③ She found it difficult to do the work.④ They call me Lily sometimes.⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?6. 定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。
Ai Yanling is a chemistry teacher.（名词） He is our friend. （代词） We belong to the third world.（数词） He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.（形容词） The man over there is my old friend.（副词） The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. （介词） The boys playing football are in Class 2. （现在分词） The trees planted last year are growing well now. （过去分词） I have an idea to do it well.（不定式） You should do everything that I do. （定语从句）（六） 挑出下列句中的定语 ① They use Mr., Mrs. with the family name.② What is your given name？③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.7. 状语：用来修饰v., adj., adv., or 句子。表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、。
初中英语句子成分划分
Tomorrow （时间状语）they（主语） will cilmb over （助动词will+动词词组构成谓语）a high mountain（宾语） Nobby（主语） wants（谓语） to make friends with selfish people（原因状语，不定式表原因） The boy（主语） （is strong enough to 主语补足语）carry（谓语） the heavy box （宾语）by himself（宾补）.希望能帮到你。
不明白hi我。
初中英语：句子成分
根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用， 英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。其中，主语和谓语是句子的主要成分，一般情况下，一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。
1. 主语：表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，置于句首。如：
It’s getting cold. 天冷起来了。
Now everything is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。
The teacher is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。
2. 谓语：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当，位于主语之后。如：
Mother bought me a VCR. 妈给我买了一台录像机。
We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。
3. 表语：表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征，一般由名词、形容词、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当，位于连系动词之后，与连系动词一起构成句子的谓语。如：
Be careful！ 小心！
He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。
His job is looking after sheep. 他的任务是看羊。
4. 宾语：指动作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，位于动词之后。如：
He wrote many plays. 他写了许多剧本。
She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。
5. 宾语补足语：用来对宾语进行补充和说明，一般由名词、非谓语动词、形容词等充当。如：
He told us to stay. 他叫我们留下。
I’ve never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。
I found it difficult to refuse him. 我感到很难拒绝他。
6. 定语：对名词或代词进行修饰、限制或说明，一般由形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、非谓语动词及句子等充当，位置可在所修饰的词之前，也可在所修饰的词之后（详见形容词一章）。如：
It’s an interesting story. 那是一个有趣的故事。
Do you have time to help us？ 你有时间帮助我们吗？
Who is the woman being operated on？ 正在动手术的女人是谁？
7. 状语：用于修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或整个句子等，一般由副词、介词短语、非谓语动词短语或句子充当。如：
We like English very much. 我们非常喜欢英语。
Her uncle lives in Canada. 她叔叔住在加拿大。
She was lying in bed reading. 她躺在床上看书。
United we stand, divided we fall. 团结则存，分裂则亡。
8. 同位语：若两个语法单位指同一个人或事物，并且，句法功能也一样，那么，后一项称为前一项的同位语。如：
This is my friend Harry. 这是我的朋友哈利。
We students should study hard. 我们学生应该努力学习。
9. 独立成分：与句子其他成分没有通常的语法关系，如插入语、感叹语、呼语等，一般用逗号将它与句子隔开。如：
He’s a nice person, to be sure. 肯定他是一个好人。
Strange to say, he did pass his exam after all. 说也奇怪，考试他竟然通过了。
注：后两种初中不要求掌握
在英语如何划分句子成分
划一划：即在阅读课文同时，把文中的重点句、中心句、名句以至生字、生词，用不同的符号勾画出来，既能加深印象，又便于复习巩固，一目了然。
遇到规范句子，不妨划分句子成分，复句还需标明关系，典型语段要划分层次、归纳层意。遇到疑难，还要作标记，便于以后向老师同学求教。
。i don’t think differences are important in a friendship。
2。holly’s best friend likes to do the same things as she does。
3。here are the results of the student activity survey。
aditional chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy。 inese doctors believe that they should eat more yin foods like tofe。
6。i hope you’re enjoying my school in new york。
7。i’m pianning to spend time in the beauteful countryside。
at be a lot more fun than taking a bus 9。we both enjoy going to party。
10。you are never too young to start doing things。
1。i（主语） don’t think（谓语的否定形式） differences[长宾语中的主语] are important[长宾语的谓语] in a friendship[长宾语中的状语/补语]。
（长宾语） 2。holly’s best[长主语中的定语] friend（长主语） likes（谓语） to do [动词不定式]the same things[补语中的宾语] as she does[状语]。
（补语） 3。here （代替主语）are the results of the student activity survey真正的主语]。
（谓语） aditional chinese[长主语中的定语] doctors （长主语）believe （谓语）we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy[从句中的不定式]。 （长宾语） inese[定语] doctors（主语） believe （谓语）that they should eat more yin foods like tofe。
（宾语从句） 6。i （主语）hope（谓语） you’re enjoying my school in new york。
（长宾语 ） 7。i（主语）’m pianning（谓语） to spend time（动词不定式作补语） in the beauteful countryside。
（地点状语） at（主语） be a lot more fun[谓语中的补语] than taking a bus [谓语中的比较状语]（谓语） 9。we （主语）both （补语）enjoy going to party[谓语中的补语]。
（谓语） 10。you（主语） are never [长谓语中的补语]too young to start doing [长谓语中的状语]things。
（谓语） 。